Elastic Stack integration

Installing Logstash

Perform the following steps to install Logstash and the required plugin.

1. Follow the Elastic documentation to install Logstash. Ensure that you consider the requirements and performance tuning guidelines for running Logstash.

   Note

   Ensure all components of your ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana) stack are the same version to avoid compatibility issues.

2. Run the following command to install the logstash-input-opensearch plugin. This plugin reads data from the Wazuh indexer into the Logstash pipeline.

   $ sudo /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-plugin install logstash-input-opensearch
   

3. Copy the Wazuh indexer and Elasticsearch root certificates to the Logstash server.

   Note

   You can add the certificates to any directory of your choice. For example, we added them in /etc/logstash/wazuh-indexer-certs and /etc/logstash/elasticsearch-certs respectively.

4. Give the logstash user the necessary permissions to read the copied certificates:

   $ sudo chmod -R 755 </PATH/TO/LOCAL/WAZUH_INDEXER/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem
   $ sudo chmod -R 755 </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem
   

   Replace </PATH/TO/LOCAL/WAZUH_INDEXER/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem and </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem with your Wazuh indexer and Elasticsearch certificate local paths on the Logstash endpoint respectively.

Configuring new indexes

You must define the mappings between the data and the index types to ensure Elasticsearch indexes your data correctly. Elasticsearch can infer these mappings, but we recommend that you explicitly configure them. Wazuh provides a set of mappings to ensure Elasticsearch indexes the data correctly.

You need to use the logstash/es_template.json template to configure this index initialization for your Elasticsearch platform. The refresh_interval is set to 5s in the template we provide.

Create a /etc/logstash/templates/ directory and download the template as wazuh.json using the following commands:

$ sudo mkdir /etc/logstash/templates
$ sudo curl -o /etc/logstash/templates/wazuh.json https://packages.wazuh.com/integrations/elastic/4.x-8.x/dashboards/wz-es-4.x-8.x-template.json

In Elasticsearch, the indexes support up to 1000 fields by default. However, Wazuh logs might contain even more than this number of fields. To solve this issue, the provided wazuh.json template has the fields set to 10000 by default as shown below:

...
"template": {
  ...
  "settings": {
        ...
        "mapping": {
         "total_fields": {
            "limit": 10000
         }
        }
        ...
  }
  ...
}
...

You can further increase this value by following the creating an index template documentation.

Configuring a pipeline

A Logstash pipeline allows Logstash to use plugins to read the data from the Wazuh indexes and send them to Elasticsearch.

The Logstash pipeline requires access to the following secret values:

• Wazuh indexer credentials

• Elasticsearch credentials

We use the Logstash keystore to securely store these values.

1. Run the following commands on your Logstash server to set a keystore password:

   $ set +o history
   $ echo 'LOGSTASH_KEYSTORE_PASS="<MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD>"'| sudo tee /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ export LOGSTASH_KEYSTORE_PASS=<MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD>
   $ set -o history
   $ sudo chown root /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ sudo chmod 600 /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ sudo systemctl start logstash
   

   Where <MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD> is your keystore password.

   Note

   You need to create the /etc/sysconfig folder if it does not exist on your server.

2. Run the following commands to securely store the credentials of the Wazuh indexer and Elasticsearch in the Logstash keystore.

   Note

   When you run each of the commands, you will be prompted to enter your credentials and the credentials will not be visible as you enter them.

   ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME, ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD, WAZUH_INDEXER_USERNAME, and WAZUH_INDEXER_PASSWORD are keys representing the secret values you are adding to the Logstash keystore. These keys will be used in the Logstash pipeline.

   1. Create a new Logstash keystore:

      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash create
      

   2. Store your Elasticsearch username and password:

      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME
      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD
      

   3. Store your Wazuh indexer administrator username and password:

      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add WAZUH_INDEXER_USERNAME
      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add WAZUH_INDEXER_PASSWORD
      

   Where:

   • ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME and ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD are keys representing your Elasticsearch username and password respectively.

   • WAZUH_INDEXER_USERNAME and WAZUH_INDEXER_PASSWORD are keys representing your Wazuh indexer administrator username and password respectively.

3. Perform the following steps to configure the Logstash pipeline.

   1. Create the configuration file wazuh-elasticsearch.conf in /etc/logstash/conf.d/ folder:

      $ sudo touch /etc/logstash/conf.d/wazuh-elasticsearch.conf
      

   2. Add the following configuration to the wazuh-elasticsearch.conf file. This sets the parameters required to run Logstash.

      input {
        opensearch {
         hosts =>  ["<WAZUH_INDEXER_ADDRESS>:9200"]
         user  =>  "${WAZUH_INDEXER_USERNAME}"
         password  =>  "${WAZUH_INDEXER_PASSWORD}"
         index =>  "wazuh-alerts-4.x-*"
         ssl => true
         ca_file => "</PATH/TO/LOCAL/WAZUH_INDEXER>/root-ca.pem"
         query =>  '{
             "query": {
                "range": {
                   "@timestamp": {
                      "gt": "now-1m"
                   }
                }
             }
         }'
         schedule => "* * * * *"
        }
      }
      
      output {
          elasticsearch {
               hosts => "<ELASTICSEARCH_ADDRESS>"
               index  => "wazuh-alerts-4.x-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
               user => '${ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME}'
               password => '${ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD}'
               ssl => true
               cacert => "</PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH>/root-ca.pem"
               template => "/etc/logstash/templates/wazuh.json"
               template_name => "wazuh"
               template_overwrite => true
          }
      }
      

      Where:

      • <WAZUH_INDEXER_ADDRESS> is your Wazuh indexer address or addresses in case of cluster deployment.

      • <ELASTICSEARCH_ADDRESS> is your Elasticsearch IP address.

      • </PATH/TO/LOCAL/WAZUH_INDEXER>/root-ca.pem is your Wazuh indexer certificate local path on the Logstash server. For example, you can use /etc/logstash/wazuh-indexer-certs/root-ca.pem which is the Wazuh indexer root certificate that was copied earlier.

      • </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH>/root-ca.pem is your Elasticsearch certificate local path on the Logstash server. For example, you can use /etc/logstash/elasticsearch-certs/root-ca.pem which is the Elasticsearch certificate that was copied earlier.

      Note

      For testing purposes, you can avoid SSL verification by replacing cacert => "</PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH>/root-ca.pem" with ssl_certificate_verification => false.

      If you are using composable index templates and the _index_template API, set the optional parameter legacy_template => false.

Running Logstash

1. Once you have everything set, run Logstash from CLI with your configuration:

   $ sudo systemctl stop logstash
   $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/wazuh-elasticsearch.conf --path.settings /etc/logstash/
   

   Make sure to use your own paths for the executable, the pipeline, and the configuration files.

   Ensure that Wazuh indexer RESTful API port (9200) is open on your Wazuh indexer. To verify that the necessary ports for Wazuh component communication are open, refer to the list of required ports.

2. After confirming that the configuration loads correctly without errors, cancel the command and run Logstash as a service. This way Logstash is not dependent on the lifecycle of the terminal it's running on. You can now enable and run Logstash as a service:

   $ sudo systemctl enable logstash.service
   $ sudo systemctl start logstash.service
   

Check Elastic documentation for more details on setting up and running Logstash.

After Logstash is successfully running, check how to configure the Wazuh alert index pattern and verify the integration.

Installing Logstash

We use Logstash to forward security data in the /var/ossec/logs/alerts/alerts.json alerts file from the Wazuh server to the Elasticsearch indexes.

Perform the following steps to install Logstash and the required plugin.

1. Follow the Elastic documentation to install Logstash. Ensure that you consider the requirements and performance tuning guidelines for running Logstash.

   Note

   Ensure all components of your ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana) stack are the same version to avoid compatibility issues.

2. Run the following command to install the logstash-output-elasticsearch plugin. This plugin allows Logstash to write data into Elasticsearch.

   $ sudo /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-plugin install logstash-output-elasticsearch
   

3. Copy the Elasticsearch root certificate to the Wazuh server. You can add the certificate to any directory of your choice. In our case, we add it in /etc/logstash/elasticsearch-certs directory.

4. Give the logstash user the necessary permissions to read the copied certificates:

   $ sudo chmod -R 755 </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem
   

   Replace </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH/CERTIFICATE>/root-ca.pem with your Elasticsearch certificate local path on the Wazuh server.

Configuring new indexes

You must define the mappings between the data and the index types to ensure Elasticsearch indexes your data correctly. Elasticsearch can infer these mappings, but we recommend that you explicitly configure them. Wazuh provides a set of mappings to ensure Elasticsearch indexes the data correctly.

You need to use the logstash/es_template.json template to configure this index initialization for your Elasticsearch platform. The refresh_interval is set to 5s in the template we provide.

Create a /etc/logstash/templates/ directory and download the template as wazuh.json using the following commands:

$ sudo mkdir /etc/logstash/templates
$ sudo curl -o /etc/logstash/templates/wazuh.json https://packages.wazuh.com/integrations/elastic/4.x-8.x/dashboards/wz-es-4.x-8.x-template.json

In Elasticsearch, the indexes support up to 1000 fields by default. However, Wazuh logs might contain even more than this number of fields. To solve this issue, the provided wazuh.json template has the fields set to 10000 by default as shown below:

...
"template": {
  ...
  "settings": {
        ...
        "mapping": {
         "total_fields": {
            "limit": 10000
         }
        }
        ...
  }
  ...
}
...

You can further increase this value by following the creating an index template documentation.

Configuring a pipeline

A Logstash pipeline allows Logstash to use plugins to read the data in the Wazuh /var/ossec/logs/alerts/alerts.json alert file and send them to Elasticsearch.

The Logstash pipeline requires access to your Elasticsearch credentials.

We use the Logstash keystore to securely store these values.

1. Run the following commands on your Logstash server to set a keystore password:

   $ set +o history
   $ echo 'LOGSTASH_KEYSTORE_PASS="<MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD>"'| sudo tee /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ export LOGSTASH_KEYSTORE_PASS=<MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD>
   $ set -o history
   $ sudo chown root /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ sudo chmod 600 /etc/sysconfig/logstash
   $ sudo systemctl start logstash
   

   Where <MY_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD> is your keystore password.

   Note

   You need to create the /etc/sysconfig folder if it does not exist on your server.

2. Run the following commands to securely store the credentials of Elasticsearch.

   Note

   When you run each of the commands, you will be prompted to enter your credentials and the credentials will not be visible as you enter them.

   ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME and ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD are keys representing the secret values you are adding to the Logstash keystore. These keys will be used in the Logstash pipeline.

   1. Create a new Logstash keystore:

      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash create
      

   2. Store your Elasticsearch username and password:

      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME
      $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash-keystore --path.settings /etc/logstash add ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD
      

      Where ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME and ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD are keys representing your Elasticsearch username and password respectively.

3. Perform the following steps to configure the Logstash pipeline.

   1. Create the configuration file wazuh-elasticsearch.conf in /etc/logstash/conf.d/ folder:

      $ sudo touch /etc/logstash/conf.d/wazuh-elasticsearch.conf
      

   2. Add the following configuration to the wazuh-elasticsearch.conf file. This sets the parameters required to run Logstash.

      input {
        file {
          id => "wazuh_alerts"
          codec => "json"
          start_position => "beginning"
          stat_interval => "1 second"
          path => "/var/ossec/logs/alerts/alerts.json"
          mode => "tail"
          ecs_compatibility => "disabled"
        }
      }
      
      output {
          elasticsearch {
               hosts => "<ELASTICSEARCH_ADDRESS>"
               index  => "wazuh-alerts-4.x-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
               user => '${ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME}'
               password => '${ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD}'
               ssl => true
               cacert => "</PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH>/root-ca.pem"
               template => "/etc/logstash/templates/wazuh.json"
               template_name => "wazuh"
               template_overwrite => true
          }
      }
      

      Where:

      • <ELASTICSEARCH_ADDRESS> is your Elasticsearch IP address.

      • </PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH>/root-ca.pem is your Elasticsearch root certificate local path on the Wazuh server. For example, you can use /etc/logstash/elasticsearch-certs/root-ca.pem which is the Elasticsearch root certificate that was copied earlier.

      Note

      For testing purposes, you can avoid SSL verification by replacing cacert => "/PATH/TO/LOCAL/ELASTICSEARCH/root-ca.pem" with ssl_certificate_verification => false.

4. By default the /var/ossec/logs/alerts/alerts.json file is owned by the wazuh user with restrictive permissions. You must add the logstash user to the wazuh group so it can read the file when running Logstash as a service:

   $ sudo usermod -a -G wazuh logstash
   

Running Logstash

1. Once you have everything set, run Logstash from CLI with your configuration:

   $ sudo systemctl stop logstash
   $ sudo -E /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/wazuh-elasticsearch.conf --path.settings /etc/logstash/
   

   Make sure to use your own paths for the executable, the pipeline, and the configuration files.

   Ensure that Wazuh server RESTful API port (55000) is open on your Wazuh server. To verify that the necessary ports for Wazuh component communication are open, refer to the list of required ports.

2. After confirming that the configuration loads correctly without errors, cancel the command and run Logstash as a service. This way Logstash is not dependent on the lifecycle of the terminal it's running on. You can now enable and run Logstash as a service:

   $ sudo systemctl enable logstash.service
   $ sudo systemctl start logstash.service
   

Check Elastic documentation for more details on setting up and running Logstash.